Where is the Sleeping Giant Headed? Translations

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At present, China is in the two transitional period, one shift from a planned economic system of socialist market economic system; second is from an agricultural society to industrial society.

In the agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) ratio has dropped to 15% of the cases, it is now urban-rural imbalances have reached a time when the non-settled.

At present in rural areas has 10 issues need to be studied and resolved.

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1.Increase of agricultural inputs in the proportion of the total budgeted expenditure. Strengthen the ag infrastructure construction, improve the ecological environment and production conditions, and fundamentally change the basis of weak, insufficient capacity for resilience decreases.

The full implementation of ecological agriculture, construction, economy and ecology of a virtuous circle.

To this end should be based on the World Trade Organization (WTO) "green box policy" and "amber box" policy, the proportion of fiscal expenditure for agriculture to adjust to the total financial expenditure of more than 10%.

An early end to "take more than I," the progressive realization of industry nurturing agriculture.

To improve people's livelihood of the bulk grain and other agricultural products by way of subsidies, subsidized circulation and replaced by direct subsidies to farmers.

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2. Eliminate the ag tax, special ag product tax and towns-ordination and planning fees.

History, farmers are not directly taxable, the landowner does not pay taxes are "not even a tax", the foreign industrial countries, the majority of non-agricultural income.

Should therefore be in the current implementation of the "tax reform" and to dispense with the agricultural tax and special agricultural product tax, and city dwellers, like personal income tax.

Belonging to public welfare expenditures, including administrative expenses of compulsory education, as well as townships and so on, should be included in the government budget expenses.

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Third, liberalization of urban employment.

Allowing farmers to cities for work or business to remove restrictions on the farmers in cities of all cities discriminatory policies, in the Town accounts, they shall be the same as the original city dwellers and do the corresponding obligations, enjoy equal rights.

At the same time, from a financial, credit and taxation support to farmers as the main body to absorb labor force employed in ag as the main objectives of the ownership of the township enterprises, to accelerate the process of rural industrialization and urbanization, a substantial reduction of the ag population and ag labor force.

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4.Improve the land system.

In maintaining the collective ownership of land for the rural farmers and stability of the household contract the right to operate under the premise of a long-term change in the conditions where the farmers insist on a voluntary basis, the implementation of land use right transfer, the promotion of appropriate scale of land to increase agricultural labor productivity and modernization.

Of strict control of non-agricultural land, rural industrialization and urbanization process of strict control on agricultural land, focusing on raising the rate of urban capacity.

It is estimated that since the 90s of the last century, each contracted farmer bought the land due to loss of billions of dollars more than in the.

Are now some 30 million farmers have been contracted for various reasons, expropriation, buyout and become landless peasants.

To stabilize the land contract right in the land converted to industrial construction sites, the implementation of the land contract right of the shares, thus enabling the farmers remove the worries, share earnings, the exercise of ownership rights.

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5. Opening up agr markets and rural financial markets.

Various types of ag production should be put in the commercialization and operation of the market, establish a standard, including primary markets - the wholesale market - the futures market, including market system, has adopted an open and orderly competition.

Allowing farmers to establish mutual assistance and cooperation of financial organizations - cooperative banks, farmers undertake credit operations, according to the country's financial policy, establish a standardized system of management

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6 Establishment of cooperative economic organizations of farmers - peasant associations.

In addition to the establishment of community-based grass-roots village farmer association representing members of the exercise of land and management of affiliated enterprises, the establishment of the above township farmer associations, services for farmers; the same time to encourage and support a variety of professional cooperative nature of the peasant associations, and the formation of companies of various ownership company association farmers community of interests to promote the industrial management of agriculture, improve market competitiveness, and to farmers from agricultural product processing and circulation of the field of value added benefit.

In order to meet the international market competition, by industry, some farmers to participate in the establishment of industry associations.

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7. Reform of township government agencies, the implementation of rural self-government.

Continue to improve the villagers self-government, democratic elections, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision øE basis, to promote rural democracy, the implementation of rural self-government.

County, the township set up an agency to exercise government functions.

Suining County, Sichuan Province, testing Buyun Township mayor directly elected by the peasants, after two rounds of practice, we made a very good experience, should be summarized.

The implementation of rural self-government can be part of the first pilot province to select some towns, after obtaining the experience, through the legal process gradually popularized.

This is a "pull down the Temple of the Buddha was relocated" approach, can be fundamentally streamlining administration, reducing the burden on peasants to improve the party and government relations with the farmers to achieve political civilization.

Strengthening the legal system, law enforcement efforts to achieve according to Sinon, according to the law in ag, according to the law protecting farmers.

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8. Restore the farmers national treatment.

In addition to the Constitution in respect of citizens rights and obligations of farmers and urban residents, should be treated equally, in education, health care, employment, social security, market access and other public expenditure and so on should be gradually implemented a unified policy, the final achieve the urban-rural integration.

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9. Strengthen rural education system and continue to popularize nine-year compulsory education.

Costs of compulsory education by the provincial, municipal, county co-ordinate solution to change the current by the farmers and township and county is mainly responsible situation.

Made this one, and now reduce by half the burden on peasants.

In addition, we will develop the rural vocational education and adult education, and to rural education and spiritual civilization construction combine to fundamentally improve their quality to meet the needs of socialist modernization in rural areas.

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10. Strengthen agricultural research and technology popularization system building, agriculture and the rural economy to rely on scientific and technological progress into a real track.

Encouraging all kinds of tertiary graduates into the countryside, the fields in this vast talent to play, and create results.

In rural areas, one, two, three production enterprises, research and development enrich the technical strength, and with domestic and foreign institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions to establish cooperative relations, and improve the conversion rate of scientific research and industry contribution rate of science and technology to enhance competition in the market capacity.

States should strengthen support for agricultural science and technology, strengthen the basic science of agriculture in the new technological revolution in the first to achieve international standards.

Increased government investment in agriculture science and technology funds in the proportion of total agricultural output value from the current 0.2% (in developed countries is 2.37%) increased to 0.65% (30 low-income countries the average level).

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Strengthen the party's leadership over the work in rural areas, the most important thing is to the party's line, principles and policies to the grassroots.

The rural grass-roots party organizations - the leadership of village Party branch is the core of the party branches should give full play to the role and fighting force exemplary vanguard role of party members to ensure that the party's line, principles and policies implemented.

Or above the county level and county government, with international standards, reducing management links, reducing management costs, improve management efficiency, the realignment of functions should be accompanied by the implementation of production, processing and trade (including foreign trade), finance integrated management .

In order to strengthen the comprehensive study of rural policy, the proposed creation of the Rural Policy Research Office of the Secretariat.

2003.3.26