The Hogue Commission is examining the alarming weakness in Canada's election system. Loopholes in political party nominations and leadership races are able to be manipulated by hostile states/agents. There is no oversight. Parties give no guidance to MPs.
"Each political party sets and enforces its own rules, and party members can vote in nomination races, regardless of their legal status in Canada,” the documents say. “For example, individuals who are not Canadian citizens—and therefore cannot vote in elections at any level of government in Canada—can still vote in a party nomination process as long as they are party members. In some instances, the membership fee is paid for, or reimbursed by, a hostile state actor or its proxies."
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